The Internet of Things is actually an extension of the Internet. The terminals of the Internet are computers (PCs, servers). All the programs we run are nothing but data processing and data transmission in computers and networks. No other terminals are involved except computers. (hardware).
  The essence of the Internet of Things is the Internet, but the terminal is no longer a computer (PC, server), but an embedded computer system and its supporting sensors. This is the inevitable result of the development of computer technology. The computers that serve humans present various forms, such as wearable devices, environmental monitoring devices, virtual reality devices, and so on. As long as there is hardware or product connected to the Internet, data interaction occurs, called the Internet of Things.
   About NB-IoT

As we all know, the Internet of Things has opened the era of “Internet of Everything”. Since it is the "Internet of Everything", the first thing is to solve the connection problem between "object" and "net", so I think that "connection technology" determines the direction of the development of the Internet of Things.

In order to meet the connection requirements of IoT devices, LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) has emerged. LPWAN is designed for low-bandwidth, low-power, long-range, high-volume IoT applications. There are two main categories: one is LoRa technology working on unlicensed spectrum; the other is NB-IoT operating under licensed spectrum.

What is IoT technology? Talking about NB-IoT Technology

(1) Compared to NB-IoT, LoRa's Sub-GHz-based frequency band makes it easier to communicate over long distances with lower power consumption, and can be powered by battery or other energy harvesting methods;

(2) LoRa's lower data rate also extends battery life and increases network capacity;

(3) The longer wavelength of the LoRa signal determines its penetrating power and obstacle avoidance capability;

(4) LoRa dedicated gateway can expand more customized functions according to the needs of the site and customers, such as advertising push, multiple network access and so on.

These technical features are more suitable for low-cost large-scale IoT deployments and enterprise-specific private networks. LoRa's ease of construction and deployment has attracted the attention and follow-up of more and more domestic companies. For example, the domestic old-fashioned digital communication manufacturer Ruijie Networks has developed and researched several LoRa-based solutions, including IoT smart meter reading applications, IoT smart parking applications, IoT smart manhole cover monitoring, and IoT smart street light monitoring. Business scenario.

LoRaWAN is a low-power WAN specification introduced by the LoRa Alliance. LoRaWAN is targeting some of the core needs of the Internet of Things - two-way communication. The LoRaWAN network architecture is a typical star topology. In this network architecture, the LoRa gateway is a transparent relay that connects the front-end terminal devices to the back-end servers. However, in many practical application scenarios, the network topology is mostly a mesh structure or a multi-level relay networking structure. The specification protocol often fails to solve the communication rate, transmission distance, real-time performance, low power consumption, and conflicts between multi-level networking.

What is IoT technology? Talking about NB-IoT Technology

Once the problem of linking "things" and "nets" is solved, and the cost is controlled within an acceptable range, I believe that the era of "Internet of Everything" can really come.